The secondary student movement in Chile an approach from complexity

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the secondary student movement in Chile from a transdisciplinary
approach, as a complex phenomenon insufficiently investigated and reflected on by the social sciences
and humanities. The general problem in which this objective is inscribed is that of the crisis in the
institutions of liberal democracy, and more specifically, that of the relations between the concepts
of citizenship and complexity, for the interpretation of the secondary student movement. Starting
from the distinction between that citizen participation that takes shape under institutionalized
forms of delegation of power in a political elite; and a participative, critical and transforming
citizenship, which promotes and is carried out in forms of egalitarian association and political
organization, in the exercise of sovereignty as praxis committed to the construction of the public
and the common good. The information has been analyzed using hermeneutic-comprehensive
methods typical of the social sciences and humanities, the foundations of which dialogue with the
tradition of complex thought, converging in the critique of positivist reductionism of knowledge.
It concludes by establishing the existence of a trend or transition within the secondary student
movement, which goes from forms of association and organization typical of the liberal model,
which delegates the sovereignty of citizenship to elected representatives, towards the preeminence
of another current, Counter-hegemonic in character: a democratic model of direct and equal
participation in community self-government.